Method and apparatus for spinning frame



Jan. 14, 1964 MASAKAZU sumo METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FRAME 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 6, 1960 INVENTOR. MASAKAZU SHINO A'ITORNEYSJan. 14, 1964 MASAKAZU SHINO METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FRAMEFiled Dec. 6, 1960 5 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 labor and with its consequentcosts is required.

United States Patent 0 3,117,4s9 ivnsrnon AND APPARATUS non srnvrsnsoFRAME Masalsazu Shine, 1, 346 lianchi Higashi Z-chome,Yainatotalrada-shi, Nara-ken, .lapan Filed Dec. 6, 1%9, Ser- No. 74,11 64 Claims. (ill. 57-67} This invention relates to a method, and apparatusfor manufacturing yarn or roving from roving or sliver respectively bymeans of a special type of rotating pipe instead of the ring andtraveller in a ring spinning frame and by means of a novel structure ofa spindle which permits relative rotation of the spindle shaft and abobbin mounted thereon. This pipe through which roving or sliver passesby the action of blowing air therein rotates about the axis of thespindle and bobbin on which the resulting yarn is wound automatically.

In a ring spinning frame, there is a certain limitation to the speed ofa traveller travelling along the flange of a ring and imperfect yarn isoften produced because of the existence of friction between the ring andtraveller. Moreover on breaking of the roving a skilled operative isnecessary to link the broken roving, and therefore much It may fairly besaid that these have prevented full automation in the spinning industry.

Another difficulty in a spinning frame is that the rotating speed of abobbin would vary with instantaneous variance of the velocity, twistingconditions or thickness of the running yarn, or other complicatedvariance between the yarn and bobbin. A usual bobbin or spindle does nothave a function such as is described above. A further disadvantage of ausual spindle is a shaking action of the bobbin about the axis thereofwhich causes breaking of yarn.

The pot spinning frame has recently been used to overcome thesedisadvantages. But this frame has other disadvantages in that when theframe stops by accident such as when there an electric failure theroving remaining in the pot will be lost material.

To overcome these disadvantages l have provided a novel type of spinningframe which does not use a ri and traveller.

An object of the invention is to provide a method of spinning in whichit is unnecessary to link broken yarn and thus labor costs and skilledlabor are saved.

Another object of this invention is to provide a method of spinningwithout. producing any loss of roving or sliver even because of anelectric failure as experienced in the pot spinning frame and withoutcausing inconvenience and loss of time such as is lost when li hing thebroken yarn and exchanging a bobbin of the pot frame.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spinning frame whichdoes not have consumable parts such as th ring and traveller.

Further object of the invention is to provide a spinning frame having aroving or sliver fCE-J pipe which rotates about the bobbin at high speedand which is not affected by the friction caused between the ring andtraveller.

Further object of the invention is to provide a spinning frame having aspecial spindle which may rotate at a suitable speed responsive to therotation speed of the spinning cylinder provided with the pipe and tothe run- SANA-dd Fatented Jan. 14, 19%4 ning speed of the yarn and whichdoes not cause the shaking action having a tendency to cause breaking ofyarn.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

A preferred embodiment of the invention selected for purpose ofillustration is shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a device which comprises a spinningcylinder, a bobbin and a spindle according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a central section of a duplex spindle according to theinvention,

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the lower portion of the spinningcylinder and a side view of the spindle and bobbin,

PEG. 4 is a side view of a transmission device for rotation of thebobbin, and

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the manner in which theend of the roving is wound around the spindle.

Referring now to the drawings for a better understanding of theinvention, roving or sliver b passes through a front roller a of adrafting device (incompletely shown) and is fed into a roving or sliverteed pipe d. An upper port or opening e is fixed to the upper end of thefeed pipe d. An air blowing nozzle 0 extends into the upper opening e.Above the opening e is positioned the front roller a.

A supporting am 7 for the pipe d has two branches, the end of which isprovided with a bearing case g in which the pipe at is held so as torotate at a definite angle to a vertical line. A pulley h is fixed tothe pipe d which is driven by an external source of power through a belt(not shown) and other transmission devices.

The pipe d comprises an upper straight axial portion, an outwardly bentmiddle portion k and a lower straight portion 1 extending parallel tothe axis of the pipe d and which is in contact with the inner surface ofthe spinning cylinder j. The cylinder j is coaxial with the upperportion of the pipe d and fixed to the pipe 0. through a flangepositioned just above the outwardly bent middle portion k. The lowerportion 1 of the pipe at is fixed to the inner surface of the cylinder1'. The lowest end In of the pipe I is smoothly outwardly flared. Apaper conical bobbin 1: is positioned on the spindle p and isreciprocable along the axis of the cylinder while rotating about itsaxis.

As best shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, spindl shaft l is fixed toa pulley 2. The top of th shaft 1 is conical in shape. An outer conicalshell 5 of the spindle has an inner top recess 6 resting on the top 3 ofthe shaft 1 to suspend the shell on the spindle. The inner wall '7 ofthe shell 5 bears on two bearings 4- which are slidable on the outersurface of the shaft. A paper bobbin n is placed over the shell 5.

As best shown in FIG. 4, rotation of a pulley it) is transmitted througha belt 9 to the pulley 2. A pair of conical pulleys 11 and 12 can bemounted on the shaft of the pulley it? and a shaft 21 respectively, andmay be connected by a belt 12. A pair of threaded rods 14 and 15' arerotated by sprockets 1'7 and 18 respectively for raisin and lowering ofthe belt 13.

Transmission of rotation from the sprocket 17 to 18 is accomplished by achain 3.6. The upper extension of the threaded rod 14 is provided with apinion 19 which 3 engages with rack 20. The rack 20 is adapted to movetransversely in accordance with up and down motion of the spindle rail.The shaft 21 is connected with a power source (not shown).

As best shown in PEG. 3, the spinning cylinder 22 is provided with thefeed pipe 23 on the inner surface of the cylinder. The roving passingthrough the lower opening of the pipe 23 will be attracted towards theopening of a suction pipe 25, the other end of which is equipped with asuction pump (not shown). A separator as is positioned between theneighboring bobbins to prevent the neighboring rovings from becomingentangled.

in operation, roving or sliver passing through the front roller a willbe fed into the upper opening e of the feed pipe d by means of blowingair from the nozzle 0.

Thus the roving is automatically fed at the beginning of the operationand also when the roving breaks. Then the roving passes through theupper portion d of the pipe, outwardly bent portion k and lower portion1 and passes out through the outlet or lower opening m. The end of theroving b which passes out through the end in is drawn toward the openingof the suction pipe 25. However, the roving is not drawn into the pipe25, because the pipe 1 moves around the spindle it through thesuccessive positions b b b b as the roving is payed out, as shown inFIG. 5. The reduced pressure in the area of the spindle n draws theroving toward the spindle, in addition to the positive action of the endof the tube l in winding the roving around the spindle. Thus, thesuction pipe 25 performs a holding function as well as a cleaningfunction.

With respect to the action of the air pressure drawing the yarn towardthe bobbin, it will be appreciated that the spinning shell i will causethe air within it to be urged outwardly toward the interior surface ofthe shell, thereby creating a reduced pressure zone adjacent thespindle. Air will therefore flow toward the spindle below the bottom ofthe shell j and will flow upwardly along the spindle. Because of the lawof conservation of mo mentum, this how will be at a greater speed thanthe downward flow of air along the interior surface of the shell 1'.When roving passes through the pipe d and is wound on the bobbin,twisting and other spinning operations are given to the roving. Duringthese operations friction is not caused, as is the case in the ringspinning frame, and smooth spinning operations result and produceexcellent yarn with uniform quality. The rotating speed of the pipe ofcan be from 13,000l8,000 r.p.m. because the resistance of air againstthe outwardly bent and lower portions k and l of the pipe (1 alomstdisappear due to the cylinder j covering the pipe (I. On breaking ofyarn the spinning operation can continue without any manual steps beingtaken to link the yarns because the suction device for the yarn isprovided. No skilled operative will be necessary, resulting in muchreduction of labor. If exchange of the bobbin could automatically becarried out by attachment of a suitable device to lower or to inclinethe spindle p, fuil automation will be possible with less operatives forthis frame, and manipulation will be unnecessary until the roving orsliver source is fully spent. It is another advantage of the apparatusof this invention that consumable parts such as the ring and travellerare not required and accordingly costs for maintenance of the machinewill be reduced. It is another advantage compared with the pot spinningframe that whenever a machine stops by accident, no loss of roving willbe produced and no labor will be necessary for linking broken roving.

For collecting yarn 24 on the bobbin rr, the spindie p is raised andlowered in a copping motion, according to movement of the spindle railwhile the spindle p is driven through the pulley 2, the belt 9, thepulley and the conical pulley 11 by means of the motor shaft 21. Theperipheral velocity of a rotating conical bobbin is higher a i s lOWerportion than at its higher portion owing to its conical shape if therotation of the spindle per unit time is constant. To keep theperipheral velocity constant, the rotation of the spindle per unit timemust vary with a position where yarn is wound on the bobbin during thecopping motion. To do this, the conical pulleys 11 and 12 are used inthis invention.

During the raising and lowering motion of the spindle rail the rack 2-0moves transversely whereby the pinion 19 rotates and accordingly thepair of threaded rods 14 and 15 also rotate. This rotation causesraising and lowering of the belt 13 which changes the rotation ratiobetween the pulley 11 and the pulley 12. The regular variation in thebobbin rotation speed is controlled as mentioned above.

There is another irregular variation in tension of yarn, which is causedby variations in twisting numbers, and thickness of the yarn. To makethe bobbin rotate at a different speed from that of the spindle shaft 1it is ccessary for the spindle to be adapted to the above delicatevariation of yarn. For this purpose the shell 5 is slidably mounted onthe spindle 1 by the bearings 4 and is suspended on the shaft 1 at itsextreme upper end 3 in the recess 6 of the shell 5. Therefore the shell5 and accordingly the bobbin n can rotate relative to rotation of thespindle shaft 1 when variation of yarn tension occurs. This independentrotation of the bobbin and the spindle can prevent breaking of yarn. Thesuspension mechanism of the shell Son the shaft 1 prevents shakingaction of the bobbin and accordingly prevents breaking of yarn.

While I have shown by invention in but one form, it will be obvious tothose skilled in the art that it is not so limited but is susceptible ofvarious changes and modifications without departing from the spiritthereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall beplaced thereupon as are specailly set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. An automatic spinning frame comprising a spinning pipe, the upperopening of which is adapted to be positioned under a front roller of adrafting device and to receive a sliver or roving through said opening,said pipe having an upper portion extending downwardly, bendingoutwardly in its middle portion and then having a lower portionextending in a direction parallel to the upper portion of the pipe, arotating spinning cylinder covering the lower portion of the pipe, theupper portion of the said pipe and said cylinder being coaxial with theaxis of rotation of the spinning cylinder, pipe and spinning cylinderrotating means coupled to said pipe and spinning cylinder for rotatingthem at one speed, and a reciprocating spindle projecting upwardlywithin said spinning cylinder and terminating at a point spaced from theinner end of said spinning cylinder and rotatable about the axis ofrotation of the spinning cylinder, and spindle rotating means connectedto said spindle for rotating said spindle at a second speed diiferentfrom the one speed, and suction means near the lower opening of the pipeand outside of the spindle to hold the end of yarn or roving.

2. An automatic spinning frame as claimed in claim 1 in which saidspindie comprises an outer shell member, a spindle shaft having an upperend on which said shell member is supported and suspended, and at leastone bearing between said shell and the spindle shaft and having partssecured to both the spindle shaft and said shell preventing relativeaxial movement between said shell and said spindle shaft, whereby saidshell is able to change its rotation s eed relative to the spindle shaftin accordance with variations in the tension of yarn or roving beingwound and without relative axial movement of the spindle shaft and theshell due to the relatively rotatable connection of the covering shellwith said spindle shaft.

3. An automatic spinning frame as claimed in claim 1 wherein a separatoris provided above the opening of the suction means for separatingspindles on opposite sides of the suction means.

4, A method of spinning a sliver or roving, comprising blowing theleading end of the sliver or roving into a closed path, conducting thesliver or roving along an upper portion of the path along an axis ofrotation, conducting the sliver or roving along a middle portion of thepath curving outwardly of the axis of rotation, and conducting thesliver or roving along a lower portion of the path parallel to the axisof rotation, rotation a spinning cylinder around the axis of rotationand said path, said blowing being from the upper end of the path,exerting a suction on the leading end of the sliver or roving so as tohold it in a fixed position and simultaneously rotating the sliver orroving extending along the path around the axis of rotation at a firstspeed, and rotating a spindle within the spinning cylinder and on saidaxis of rotation at a second speed for producing a low pressure areaaround the spindle to draw the sliver or roving from the lower end ofthe path toward and around the spindle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS401,703 Hogg et al Apr' 16, 1889 1,168,927 Bibby Jan. 18, 1916 2,290,929Whitehead July 28, 1942 2,446,097 Nelson July 27,- 1948 2,548,610Lambert Apr. 10, 1951 2,786,637 Russell et al Mar. 26, 1957 2,955,409Speakrnan Oct. 11, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 671,923 Great Britain May 14,1952 345,280 Switzerland Apr. 29, 1960

1. AN AUTOMATIC SPINNING FRAME COMPRISING A SPINNING PIPE, THE UPPEROPENING OF WHICH IS ADAPTED TO BE POSITIONED UNDER A FRONT ROLLER OF ADRAFTING DEVICE AND TO RECEIVE A SLIVER OR ROVING THROUGH SAID OPENING,SAID PIPE HAVING AN UPPER PORTION EXTENDING DOWNWARDLY, BENDINGOUTWARDLY IN ITS MIDDLE PORTION AND THEN HAVING A LOWER PORTIONEXTENDING IN A DIRECTION PARALLEL TO THE UPPER PORTION OF THE PIPE, AROTATING SPINNING CYLINDER COVERING THE LOWER PORTION OF THE PIPE, THEUPPER PORTION OF THE SAID PIPE AND SAID CYLINDER BEING COXIAL WITH THEAXIS OF ROTATION OF THE SPINNING CYLINDER, PIPE AND SPINNING CYLINDERROTATING MEANS COUPLED TO SAID PIPE AND SPINNING CYLINDER FOR ROTATINGTHEM AT ONE SPEED, AND A RECIPROCATING SPINDLE PROJECTING UPWARDLYWITHIN SAID SPINNING CYLINDER AND TERMINATING AT A POINT SPACED FROM THEINNER END OF SAID SPINNING CYLINDER AND ROTATABLE ABOUT THE AXIS OFROTATION OF THE SPINNING CYLINDER, AND SPINDLE ROTATING MEANS CONNECTEDTO SAID SPINDLE FOR ROTATING SAID SPINDLE AT A SECOND SPEED DIFFERENTFROM THE ONE SPEED, AND SUCTION MEANS NEAR THE LOWER OPENING OF THE PIPEAND OUTSIDE OF THE SPINDLE TO HOLD THE END OF YARN OR ROVING.